Metal Drifts

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methodology in mining

A drift punch is constructed as a tapered rod, with the hammer acting on the large end of the taper. The tapered end of a drift punch is placed into the hole and then driven into the hole. As it is driven in, the taper forces the two components into alignment or force the material to displace (if the metal is hot or soft), allowing for easy insertion of the fastener.

  • In mining: Horizontal openings: drifts

    All horizontal or subhorizontal development openings made in a mine have the generic name of drift. These are simply tunnels made in the rock, with a size and shape depending on their use—for example, haulage, ventilation, or exploration. A drift running parallel to the…

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  • In coal mining: Access

    …are three types of portal: drift, slope, and shaft. Where a coal seam outcrops to the surface, it is common to drive horizontal entries, called drifts, into the coal seam from the outcrop. Where the coal seam does not outcrop but is not far below the surface, it is accessed…

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use in tunnel construction

Metal Drifts
  • In tunnels and underground excavations: Geologic investigation

    …of small exploratory tunnels called drifts, which also provide for in-place field tests to investigate engineering properties of the rock mass and can often be located so their later enlargement affords access for construction.

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  • In tunnels and underground excavations: Rock chambers

    …using many borings plus exploratory drifts to locate rock defects, with a three-dimensional geologic model to aid in visualizing conditions. A chamber location is selected that offers the least risk of support problems. This objective was largely attained in the granite gneiss at Churchill Falls, where the location and chamber…

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